Safety report by Sweco: The risks of handling hydrogen and ammonia are well under control
A recent consequence analysis report on the proposed green hydrogen and ammonia production, and ammonia storage facilities at Kokkola Industry Park, Finland, highlights safety considerations for the project. The report, commissioned by Flexens Oy Ab, is a critical step in ensuring the safe development of these facilities, which are integral to Finland’s push towards a greener energy future. The analysis, conducted by Sweco Finland Oy, focuses on potential outdoor scenarios involving ammonia and hydrogen, two substances essential to the facility’s operations.
The facility at Kokkola Industry Park is set to include an electrolyser plant that will generate hydrogen through water electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources. This hydrogen will then be combined with nitrogen at an ammonia plant to produce green ammonia, a fuel for shipping, a key component in sustainable agriculture, and other industrial applications. An ammonia storage facility will also be part of the site, ensuring this critical substance's safe handling and storage until it is transported or used.
Safety Considerations for Ammonia and Hydrogen
“Understanding the risks associated with ammonia and hydrogen is essential for the safe and efficient operation of our facilities,” said Project Manager Jim Häggblom from Flexens, who ordered the report. “This analysis provides us with the necessary insights to proceed with confidence, knowing that we have identified and can mitigate the key risks.”
The report examines the specifics of handling ammonia and hydrogen, both of which present distinct challenges. While ammonia is not highly flammable, its toxicity poses health risks. The report concludes that the planned facility layout effectively contains the potential impact, with no permanent human presence within critical zones.
On the hydrogen side, the risks are more related to flammability and explosion potential. A worst-case scenario involving a full-bore pipeline rupture was modelled, revealing that hydrogen can disperse rapidly. However, the report indicates that current facility designs, and safety measures adequately mitigate these risks.
“The analysis shows that with proper safety measures in place, the risks posed by ammonia and hydrogen can be managed effectively,” said Häggblom. “It’s all about careful planning and adhering to the highest safety standards to ensure both the safety of the plant and the surrounding community.”
Ensuring Safety in Finland’s Green Transition
In conclusion, the report emphasizes the importance of maintaining strict safety protocols and implementing advanced monitoring systems. For ammonia, this means ensuring stringent control over storage and handling to prevent leaks. For hydrogen, special attention must be paid to leak detection, ventilation, and explosion prevention.
The report also recommends establishing clear safety perimeters around the facility, with specified distances to protect against the most severe potential incidents. Regular safety drills and community engagement are also advised to ensure readiness and alleviate public concern. This report's findings provide a foundation for ensuring that the transition to green energy is environmentally responsible and safe for everyone involved.